Question

In each of the following questions, two/three statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read both the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically and definitely follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements:-
All marks are grades.
No grade is a score.
All letters are scores.
All scores are characters.

Conclusions:-
I. At least some letters are grades.
II. At least some scores are grades.
III. At least some characters are marks.
IV. Some characters are letters.

• A. II and IV follow
• B. Only IV follows
• C. I and III follow
• D. All I, II, III and IV follow
• E. None follows

Answer 1

The correct option is B Only IV follows

No grade is a score $\to$ conversion $\to$ No score is a grade. Now, All letters are scores (A) + No score is a grade (E) = A + E = E = No letter is a grade.
Hence, conclusion I does not follow. and conclusion II does not follow from statement II.
Again all marks are grades (A) + No grade is a score (E) = A + E = E = No mark is a score (E) + All scores are characters (A) = E + A = O = Some characters are not marks. Hence, conclusion III does not follow. But All letters are scores (A) + All scores are characters (A) = A + A = A All letters are characters $\to$ conversion $\to$ some characters are letters are letters. Hence, conclusion IV follows.


Only conclusion IV follows.