In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, benzene ring attacks the $E^{+}$ (electrophile) to generate the intermediate $σ - complex.$ Which of the following $σ$ -complex has lowest energy?

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Solution

The correct option is B
In option (b), the complex formed is with benzene whereas in other cases it is formed with nitrobenzene with $- N O_{2}$ group at different positions (o-, m-, p-).
The complex formed with nitrobenzene at any position of $- N O_{2}$ group is less stable than the complex formed with benzene due to the -R effect of the $N O_{2}$ group. It destabilise the $α - complex$ .
The most stable complex has the lowest energy.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

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Organic Compounds

Standard XII Chemistry

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In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, benzene ring attacks the E+ (electrophile) to generate the intermediate σ−complex. Which of the following σ-complex has lowest energy?

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, benzene ring attacks the $E^{+}$ (electrophile) to generate the intermediate $σ - complex.$ Which of the following $σ$ -complex has lowest energy?