In insects, muscle contraction, oviposition defecation and heartbeats are regulated by

Corpora allata

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Corpora cardiaca

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Protocerebrum

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Thoraic ganglion

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Solution

The correct option is B Corpora cardiaca
Corpora cardiaca are found behind the brain in insects. These are neuroglandular bodies. A prothoracicotropic hormone is produced and stored in it. It is a neurohormone. which activates the prothoracic glands. It also helps in molting. These are considered as endocrine gland which regulates muscle contraction, oviposition defecation, and heartbeats.
So, the correct answer is option B.

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The initiation of the contraction and relaxation of the heart and regulation of the heartbeat rate are carried out by the special muscles of ___.

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