In nitrating mixture, $H N O_{3}$ acts as a :

base

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acid

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reducing agent

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catalyst

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Solution

The correct option is A base

Nitration is electrophilic substitution reaction; in its first step $H N O_{3}$ take proton from sulphuric acid and then forms $- N O_{2}^{+}$ so here $H N O_{3}$ acts as base.

Mechanism of reaction as shown

Option A is correct.

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H N O_{3}

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nitrating mixture is obtained by mixing concentrated $H N O_{3}$ and concentrated $H_{2} S O_{4}$ . The role of the latter - $H_{2} S O_{4}$ is:

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