1. (a+b)2=a2+b2+2ab
2. (a−b)2=a2+b2−2ab
3. (a+b)2−(a−b)2=4ab
4. (a+b)2+(a−b)2=2(a2+b2)
5. (a2−b2)=(a+b)(a−b)
6. (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ca)
7. (a3+b3)=(a+b)(a2−ab+b2)
8. (a3−b3)=(a−b)(a2+ab+b2)
9. (a3+b3+c3−3abc)=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2−ab−bc−ca)
10. If a+b+c=0, then a3+b3+c3=3abc.
A rational number is a number that can be written as a ratio. That means it can be written as a fraction, in which both the numerator (the number on top) and the denominator (the number on the bottom) are whole numbers.