In one of the industrial processes for the manufacture of sodium hydroxide, a gas X is formed as a by-product. The gas X reacts with dry slaked lime to give a compound Y which is used as a bleaching agent in chemical industry. Identify X and Y giving the chemical equation of the reactions involved.
[3 Marks]

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Solution

In the manufacturing of sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas and chlorine gas (X) are formed as by-products.
Chlorine gas reacts with dry slaked lime to give bleaching powder, a bleaching agent.
Thus, X is chlorine gas $({Cl}_{2}$ ).
[0.5 Marks]

Y is calcium oxychloride or bleaching powder ${CaOCl}_{2}$ .
[0.5 Marks]

The equation for the preparation of sodium hydroxide is:
$2NaCl(aq) + 2 H_{2} O(l) Electrolysis \to 2 NaOH(aq) + {Cl}_{2} (g) + H_{2} (g)$
[1 Mark]

The equation for the preparation of bleaching powder is:
${Cl}_{2} + {Ca(OH)}_{2} \to {CaOCl}_{2} + H_{2} O$
[1 Mark]

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