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Formal Charge

Question 05In...

Question

Question 05

In $P O_{4}^{3 -}$ ion the formal charge on the oxygen atom of P - O bond is

(a) +1

(b) -1

(c) -0.75

(d) +0.75

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Solution

In $P O_{4}^{3 -}$ ion, formal charge on each O-atom of P-O bond

$F o r m a l c h a r g e o f O = T o t a l n o . V a l e n c e E l e c t r o n s - (N o . o f l o n e p a i r E l e c t r o n s + \frac{N o . o f b o n d p a i r E l e c t r o n s}{2})$

$F o r m a l c h a r g e o f O = 6 - (6 + \frac{2}{2})$

$F o r m a l c h a r g e o f O = - 1$

Hence, the answer is (b) -1.

Note: If they ask to find the "average" formal charge, then we have to use the formula

Average formal charge of the O atom = $\frac{T o t a l C h a r g e s}{N u m b e r o f O a t o m s}$

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