Question

In S and P-block elements the oxidation state changes by 2 units. But in transition elements, it changes by 1 unit of 1. Explain.

Answer 1

In $P$-block element the oxidation state changes by $2$ units while in $d$-block it changes by $1$ unit because of inert pair effect present in $P$- block element and in $d$-block due to stability of free radicals which are more stable when the orbital holding unpaired is hidden behind other orbitals.