Question

In scattering, the impact parameter b is defined as the:

• A. distance between projectile and target for which there is maximal deflection
• B. closest distance between projectile and target if there were no deflection
• C. maximum kinetic energy of the scattering projectile
• D. distance of closest approach between projectile and target

Answer 1

The correct option is B

closest distance between projectile and target if there were no deflection

It is the minimum distance to which the alpha particle would have approached the nucleus, had there been no forces between them.

The impact parameter b is defined as the perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of the alpha particle from the centre of the nucleus,when the alpha particle is far away from the nucleus.