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Question

In the adjoining figure, ABCD is a parallelogram, whose diagonals intersect at O. P is a point on the diagonal AC, such that PA:AO=1:2. BP meets DA produced to Q. Find (i) PQ:QB(ii) A(PQA):A(PBC)(iii) A(PQA):A(QBCA)

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Solution

Given :ABCD is a parallelogram. PA:AO=1:2(i) ABCD is a parallelogram. Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.Therefore, AO=OC.Given: PAAO=12PAAC=PA2AO=12×PAAO =12×12 =14...(1)ABCD is a parallelogram. Therefore, ADBC.We can say that QABC.According to the basic proportionality theorem, PQQB= PAAC From (1), we get: PQQB=14

(ii) In PQA &PBC,PQA=PBC [Corresponding angles, as QABC]QPA=BPC [Common angles]By AA similarity, PQA~PBC.Hence, A(PQA)A(PBC)=PQ2PB2 ...(2) But we know that PQQB=14.QBPQ=41 [Invertendo]QB+PQPQ=4+11 [Componendo]PBPQ=51PQPB=15 [Invertendo] From (2), we get: A(PQA)A(PBC)=1252=125A(PQA):A(PBC)=1:25

(iii) We have A(PQA)A(PBC)=125A(PBC)A(PQA)=251 [Invertendo]A(PBC)-A(PQA)A(PQA)=25-11 [Componendo]A(QBCA)A(PQA) =241A(PQA)A(QBCA)=124 [Invertendo]Hence, A(PQA) : A(QBCA)=1:24

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