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Question

In the commercial electrochemical process for aluminium extraction, the electrolyte used is :

A
Al(OH)3 in NaOH solution
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B
an aqueous solution of Al2(SO4)3
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C
a molten mixture of Al2O3 and Na3AlF6
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D
a molten mixture of AlO(OH) and Al(OH)3
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Solution

The correct option is C a molten mixture of Al2O3 and Na3AlF6
The electrolysis of pure alumina faces some difficulties. Pure alumina is a bad conductor of electricity. The fusion temperature of pure alumina is about 2000C and at this temperature when electrolysis is carried out on the fused mass, the metal formed vaporizes, as the boiling point of aluminium is 1800C. These difficulties are overcome by using a mixture containing alumina (Al2O3), cryolite (Na3AlF6), and fluorspar (CaF2).

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