In the following question, a statement fo Assertion (A) followed by a statement fo Reason (R ) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below in each question
Assertion (A) the carbonate of lithium decomposes easily on heating to form lithium oxide and $C O_{2}$
Reason (R) Lithium being very small in size polarises large carbonate ion leading to the formation of more stable $L i_{2} O a n d C O_{2}$
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct Explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation Of A
(c) Both A and R are not Correct
(d) A is not correct but R is correct

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Solution

Answer: (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct Explanation of A.

The thermal stability of carbonates increases down the group. Hence, $L i_{2} C O_{3}$ is least stable.
Due to small size of $L i^{+}$ strong polarising power distorts the electron cloud of $C O_{3}^{2 -}$ ion. High lattice energy of $L i_{2} O$ than $L i_{2} C O_{3}$ also favours the decomposition of $L i_{2} C O_{3}$ .

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