Question

In the stomach, what is the role of chief cells and parietal cells?

Answer 1

Typer of cells within the stomach:

1. The most important types of exocrine secretory cells of the stomach are parietal cells and chief cells.
2. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and chief cells secrete digestive enzymes together with pepsin.
3. These cells secrete their secretions while activated through alerts from the body along with hormones and neurotransmitters.

Parietal Cells:

1. Parietal cells are the exocrine cells of the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl).
2. The acid that is secreted via way of means of the cells is capable of assisting withinside the digestion of meals via way of means of inflicting them to unfold.
3. Parietal cells secrete HCl at a concentration of one hundred sixty mM, which is a pH of 0.8.
4. The secretion of the parietal cells incorporates 3 million times greater hydrogen ions than there are hydrogen ions within the bloodstream.
5. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid while inspired through hormones such as gastrin, molecules such as histamine (which is released during allergies), and neurotransmitters from nerve cells such as acetylcholine.

Chief Cells:

1. Chief cells are the other type of exocrine secretory cells in the stomach.
2. They secrete digestive enzymes that cleave the proteins in meals into smaller pieces.
3. Pepsin is secreted as an inactive enzyme known as pepsinogen that is secreted via way of means of the chief cell.
4. Pepsinogen will become energetic whilst it encounters acidic surroundings and is reduced apart.
5. Chief cells begin secreting digestive enzymes whilst they may be activated via way of means of hormones and neurotransmitters.
6. Activating hormones encompass secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and gastrin.