IN the synthesis of sodium carbonate, the recovery of ammonia is done by treating $N H_{4} C l$ with $C a (O H)_{2}$ The by product obtained in this process is
(a) $C a C l_{2}$ (b) NaCl (c) NaOH (d) $N a H C O_{3}$

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Solution

Answer: (a) $C a C l_{2}$

Sodium carbonate is synthesised by Solvay ammonia soda process.
The reactions involved are
$N H_{3} + H_{2} O + C O_{2} ⟶ N H_{4} H C O_{3} A m m o n i u m b i c a r b o n a t e N a C l + N H_{4} H C O_{3} ⟶ N a H C O_{3} S O d i u m b i c a r b o n a t r e ↓ + N H_{4} C l 2 N a H C O_{3} △ - \to N a_{2} C O_{3} S o d i u m c a r b o n a t e + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$
$N H_{3}$ is recovered from $N H_{4} H C O_{3}$ and $N H_{4}$ Cl formed during the reaction.
$N H_{4} H C O_{3} H e a t - -- \to N H_{3} + H_{2} O + C O_{2} 2 N H_{4} C l A m m o n i u m c h l o r i d e + C a (O H)_{2} ⟶ 2 N H_{3} A m m o n i a + C a C l_{2} C e l c i u m c h l o r i d e + 2 H_{2} O$

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N H_{4} C l

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