Question

In the uterus, multiplication of endometrial cells occurs mainly in response to which of the following hormones?

• A. LH
• B. FSH
• C. Progesterone
• D. Estrogen

Answer 1

The correct option is D Estrogen

Multiplication of the endometrial cells refers to the proliferation of the endometrium. It occurs in the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle under the influence of estrogens. The proliferative phase of the uterine cycle coincides with the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. In the follicular phase, under the influence of hormones FSH, the ovarian follicles begin to grow and develop. These developing follicles start releasing estrogens. Estrogens enter the blood circulation and reach the uterus, where they help in the regeneration of the endometrial lining.
LH and FSH act in the ovary. FSH stimulates the growth and development of follicles. LH induces the release of oocyte from the mature follicles. They do not bring about any direct change in the uterus.
Progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum in the ovary during the luteal phase. It is important in the maintenance of the endometrial lining of the uterus to facilitate implantation. It is also required to maintain pregnancy. It helps in endometrium maintenance, not proliferation.