C4 plants:
In the C4 plant, these mesophyll cells are clustered around the bundle sheath cells and form a shape that is similar to the wreath. This arrangement seen in the leaves of C4 plants is called Kranz anatomy.
Adaptations and advantages :
● Plants lacking Kranz anatomy are susceptible to photorespiration under higher oxygen concentration in the mesophyll cells resulting in decreased productivity.
● In Kranz anatomy, RuBisCO is present in bundle sheath cells that possess thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange with no intercellular spaces thereby preventing photorespiration.
● Also, the primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) present in mesophyll cells which helps in maintaining higher CO2 concentration within bundle sheath cells.