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Question

In which of the following options, both the processes in the pair have a positive effect on population density?

A
Natality and emigration
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B
Mortality and emigration
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C
Natality and immigration
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D
Mortality and immigration
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Solution

The correct option is C Natality and immigration

Population density is the number of individuals of a species per unit area at a given time. If the initial population density at time t is Nt, then the population density at time t+1 can be represented as

Nt+1 = Nt + [(B+I)-(D+E)]

Where,

B is natality i.e. number of births during a given time period

I is immigration i.e. number of individuals of the same species that enter a population from elsewhere during a given time period

D is mortality i.e. number of deaths during a given time period

E is emigration i.e. number of individuals of the same species that leave a population during a given time period.

Both natality and immigration add individuals to a population and have a positive effect on the population density whereas, mortality and emigration deduct individuals from a population and have a negative effect on it.


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