Normal blood pH is 7.4. Lower than pH 7.4, the blood is acidic, and higher than 7.4 the blood is basic, or alkaline. Large changes in blood acidity results in small changes in the pH. In other words, even if the pH moves only a little, that small amount can represent a significant change for the amount of excess or lost acid in the blood. pH measures hydrogen by factors of ten. A pH change of 1 unit, from 7.4 to 6.4 represents a ten-times increased hydrogen ion concentration, and from 7.4 to 5.4 represents a hundred times increased concentration.