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Fractional Distillation of Petroleum

In which temp...

Question

In which temperature range Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene and lubricating oil is obtained in fractional distillation of Petroleum?

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Solution

Petrol: In fractional distillation of petroleum, petrol is obtained between the temperature range of 303 K and 393 K.
Diesel: It is obtained between a temperature range of 533 K and 613 K.
Kerosene: It is obtained between a temperature range of 473 K and 548 K.
Lubricating oil: It is obtained at any temperature above 613 K.

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Q. distillation method is used to obtain petrol, kerosene and diesel from crude oil.

Q. What is common to the following?

petrol diesel kerosene fuel oil

(a) All are by-products of petroleum.
(b) All are obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum.
(c) All of them are hydrocarbons.
(d) all the above

Q. Study the following table.

	Fraction	Number of Carbon	Temperature range
$(1)$	Gases	$C_{1}$ to $C_{4}$	$298$ K
$(2)$	Petrol	$C_{5}$ to $C_{10}$	$303$ K to $393$ K
$(3)$	Naphtha	$C_{8}$ to $C_{10}$	$393$ K to $453$ K
$(4)$	Kerosene	$C_{12}$ to $C_{15}$	$453$ K to $533$ K
$(5)$	Diesel	$C_{15}$ to $C_{18}$	$533$ K to $613$ K
$(6)$	Lubricating oil	$C_{16}$ to $C_{20}$	Above $613$ K

The table shows the products obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum and temperature range. From this give the right order of the product obtained?

Q. The fractionation of petroleum gives many products. What is the correct order in which the various fractions mentioned below separate from petroleum?
(a) Gasoline
(b) Kerosene
(c) Diesel oil
(d) Lubricating oil

Which of the following is not obtained as a fraction during the refining of petroleum ?

(a) kerosene

(b) natural gas

(c) lubricating oil

(d) bitumen

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