Iqbal treated a lustrous, divalent element M with sodium hydroxide. He observed the formation of bubbles in reaction mixture. He made the same observations when this element was treated with hydrochloric acid. He find that the produced gas is:
It is a lustrous, divalent element so it is a metal and only very reactive metal can react with NaOH. In the first case; a base reacts with a metal, and in the second case; an acid reacts with a metal. Hence, hydrogen gas is most likely to be produced during these reactions.
The evolution of hydrogen gas can be checked by bringing a burning matchstick or splinter near the evolved gas. The fact that the matchstick burns with a pop sound, shows that hydrogen gas is evolved.
The reactions can be shown by following equations:
2NaOH+Zn→Na2ZnO2+H2
2HCl+Zn→ZnCl2+H2