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Question
_______ is a plant with desirable characteristics obtained in plant breeding through specific hybridisation followed by selection.
_______ is a plant with desirable characteristics obtained in plant breeding through specific hybridisation followed by selection.
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Solution
The correct option is A Cultivar
Plant breeding is the technique of creating new improved varieties of crops that give better yield, have better quality and are resistant to damage by pests or pathogens.
Conventionally this is achieved by artificially selecting plants with desirable characters and cross-pollinating them. Among the progeny of the hybrids obtained, those plants that have the desired character combination of both the parents are selected. These plants are self-pollinated for various generations till they reach a state of uniformity such that the characters will not segregate in the progeny. The newly selected varieties are tested for their agronomic features (yield, disease and insect resistance and susceptibility to weather) by growing in several locations and are finally released into the market. These plants with desirable characteristics obtained in plant breeding through specific hybridisation followed by selection are called cultivars.
Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction that produces progenies from vegetative propagules like rhizome, tubers etc., without gamete formation and fertilisation (fusion of male and female gametes).
Figure: Vegetative propagules (a) Tuber of potato, (b) Rhizome of ginger.
GMO (Genetically modified organisms) are organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering. For example, pest resistant cotton plant (Bt cotton) which is resistant to bollworms has been produced through the techniques of genetic engineering.
Plant breeding is the technique of creating new improved varieties of crops that give better yield, have better quality and are resistant to damage by pests or pathogens.
Conventionally this is achieved by artificially selecting plants with desirable characters and cross-pollinating them. Among the progeny of the hybrids obtained, those plants that have the desired character combination of both the parents are selected. These plants are self-pollinated for various generations till they reach a state of uniformity such that the characters will not segregate in the progeny. The newly selected varieties are tested for their agronomic features (yield, disease and insect resistance and susceptibility to weather) by growing in several locations and are finally released into the market. These plants with desirable characteristics obtained in plant breeding through specific hybridisation followed by selection are called cultivars.
Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction that produces progenies from vegetative propagules like rhizome, tubers etc., without gamete formation and fertilisation (fusion of male and female gametes).
Figure: Vegetative propagules (a) Tuber of potato, (b) Rhizome of ginger. GMO (Genetically modified organisms) are organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering. For example, pest resistant cotton plant (Bt cotton) which is resistant to bollworms has been produced through the techniques of genetic engineering.
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