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Question
__________ is a term that includes all changes in an organism during its life cycle from germination of the seed to senescence.
__________ is a term that includes all changes in an organism during its life cycle from germination of the seed to senescence.
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Solution
The correct option is B Development
Growth is defined as the irreversible increase in the size of an organ or a part of it or an individual cell. It is one of the most important characteristics of living organisms. Growth is a result of various metabolic processes happening inside a body or a cell. In plants, the growth is indefinite i.e. plants keep on growing. An example of growth is the increase in the height of a tree.
Development is a term that includes all changes in an organism during its life cycle like in plants, the germination of the seed to senescence. It is considered as the sum of growth and differentiation.
Differentiation is the process in which meristematic cells (cells present in root apex, shoot apex, and cambium) divide and mature to perform some specific function. During this process, the cell wall and protoplasm undergo structural changes. For example, a cell loses its protoplasm to form a tracheary element. They develop into strong, elastic, secondary cell walls to transport water to long distances.
The cells that have undergone differentiation and have lost the capacity to divide can again regain the capacity of dividing under certain circumstances. This phenomenon is called dedifferentiation. For example, the differentiated parenchyma cells (not actively dividing cells) present in medullary rays undergo dedifferentiation to give rise to interfascicular cambium (actively dividing cells).
Growth is defined as the irreversible increase in the size of an organ or a part of it or an individual cell. It is one of the most important characteristics of living organisms. Growth is a result of various metabolic processes happening inside a body or a cell. In plants, the growth is indefinite i.e. plants keep on growing. An example of growth is the increase in the height of a tree.
Development is a term that includes all changes in an organism during its life cycle like in plants, the germination of the seed to senescence. It is considered as the sum of growth and differentiation.
Differentiation is the process in which meristematic cells (cells present in root apex, shoot apex, and cambium) divide and mature to perform some specific function. During this process, the cell wall and protoplasm undergo structural changes. For example, a cell loses its protoplasm to form a tracheary element. They develop into strong, elastic, secondary cell walls to transport water to long distances.
The cells that have undergone differentiation and have lost the capacity to divide can again regain the capacity of dividing under certain circumstances. This phenomenon is called dedifferentiation. For example, the differentiated parenchyma cells (not actively dividing cells) present in medullary rays undergo dedifferentiation to give rise to interfascicular cambium (actively dividing cells).
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