DNA:
- DNA is the abbreviated term for deoxyribonucleic acid which is a polymer formed of nucleotide monomers.
- Its role is that it is an organism's genetic material.
- Nuclear DNA is the DNA that is found in the nucleus of each eukaryotic organism's cell.
- In a prokaryotic cell, the DNA is present in the small region of the cytoplasm known as the nucleoid.
- Additionally, mitochondria and plastid also contain their own DNA.
- Its role is that it is an organism's genetic material.
- DNA facilitates the transmission of parental traits from one generation to the next.
- Through the process of protein synthesis, DNA regulates the metabolic processes of the cell.
- As a result, it is known as the master molecule.
- Mutation occurs when there is a mistake in the DNA replication process.
Blood:
It is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
DNA in blood:
- Mature RBCs in the blood do not have a nucleus and hence they do not have DNA.
- White blood cells do have a nucleus and hence they have DNA.
- Therefore blood has DNA.