It is a small structure in the brain that sits between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain, just above the brain stem, and has extensive nerve connections to both.
It serves as a relay station for all incoming motor (movement) and sensory information from your body to your brain, including hearing, taste, sight, and touch (but not smell).
Because of its connections to the hippocampus and other limbic system structures, the thalamus is thought to play a role in memory, particularly episodic memory, as well as learning and emotions. The thalamus is also thought to play a role in sleep, wakefulness, and arousal regulation.