Question

Is NaCl polar or nonpolar a covalent bond?

Answer 1

1. Covalent bond: Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons.
2. Examples: ${\mathrm{O}}_{2,}$${\mathrm{N}}_2$ etc.
3. $\mathbf{NaCl}$(Sodium chloride): In sodium chloride, there is an electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged sodium and negatively charged chloride ion. Because during the bond formation sodium chloride ions are involved so it is considered an ionic bond.
4. Ionic bond: Ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons as the electron of sodium is completely transferred to chlorine.

$$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{Na}\to {\mathrm{Na}}^{+}+1{\mathrm{e}}^{-} \\ \mathrm{Cl}+1{\mathrm{e}}^{-}\to {\mathrm{Cl}}^{-} \\ {\mathrm{Na}}^{+}+{\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}\to \mathrm{NaCl} \end{gathered}$$

5. Sodium Chloride is an ionic compound that acts as a polar molecule. Usually, the large difference in electronegativities in sodium and chlorine makes their bond polar.

Hence $\mathbf{NaCl}$ is neither a polar nor nonpolar covalent bond. It is an ionic bond.