Dear student,
No, soil is not the only medium for growing plants. Plants also require oxygen, nutrients etc for proper growth. There are various methods for growing plants such as
1. Aeroponics is a plant cultivation technique in which roots are hanged in air and nutrients are delivered in the form of fine mist.
2. Hydroponics is the plant cultivation technique in which plants are grown in nutrient solution in water without soil.
3. Artificial propagation of plants using a part of the plant.