______ is the cut stem of a plant having roots.

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Solution

Grafting:
Grafting is a process that involves the insertion of a foreign bud or scion into the stem, branch or root of another plant.
The part that is inserted into the plant is called a scion.
The cut part of a stem that contains roots and on which the scion is inserted is called a stock.
Final answer: Stock is the cut stem of a plant having roots.

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Q. The cut part of plant stem (having roots and fixed to ground) which is used in the process of grafting is known as :
(a) stock
(b) scion
(c) cutting
(d) bud

The cut part of a plant stem (without roots) which is used in grafting is called:
(a) stock
(b) stump
(c) scion
(d) graft

The stem of a fruit tree X fixed in soil is cut in a slanting way. The upper part of the stem of another fruit tree Y of different variety of same species is also cut in a slanting way. The cut stem of tree Y, without roots but having some leaves, is placed over the rooted cut stem of tree X in such a way that their cut surfaces fit together properly. While joining the two cut stems, care is taken to make sure that the layer Z of one cut stem is in contact with layer Z of the other cut stem. The joint of the cut stem is bound tightly with a piece of cloth and covered properly with polythene. Soon the cut heals and the two stems grow together and become one fruit tree producing leaves, flowers and fruits.
(a) What is the name of this method of producing plants or trees?
(b) What name is given to the cut stem of tree X having roots?
(c) What name is given to the cut stem of tree Y which has no roots but has some leaves?
(d) Name the layer Z.
(e) Why should the layer Z of one cut stem be in contact with the layer Z of the other cut stem?
(f) Name any four fruit trees which are usually bred by this technique.
(g) State any one advantage of producing fruit trees by this technique.

Q. The cut part of a plant stem, without roots, used in grafting is called as

The stem of a fruit tree X fixed in soil is cut in a slanting way. The upper part of stem of another fruit tree Y of different variety of same species is also cut in a slanting way. The cut stem of tree Y, without roots but having some leaves, is placed over the rooted cut stem of tree X in such a way that their cut surfaces fit together properly. While joining the two cut stems, care is taken to make sure that the layer Z of one cut stem is in contact with layer Z of the other cut stem. The joint of cut stem is bound tightly with a piece of cloth and covered properly with polythene. Soon the cut heals and the two stems grow together and become one fruit tree producing leaves, flowers and fruits.

(b) What name is given to the cut stem of tree X having roots?

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