................ is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis.

Nondisjunction

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Translocation

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Mutation

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Crossing over

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Disjunction

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Solution

The correct option is A Nondisjunction
Nondisjunction is the failure of paired chromosomes to separate (to disjoin) during meiotic cell division, so that both the parent chromosomes goes to a particular daughter cell while the other daughter cell is devoid of the parent chromosomes. Nondisjunction causes errors in chromosome number, such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and monosomy X (Turner syndrome). It is also a common cause of early spontaneous abortions.

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