Is the probability of backward scattering(i.e., scattering of $α$ -particles at angles greater than $90^{o}$ ) predicted by Thomson's model much less, about the same or much greater than that predicted by Rutherford's model?

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Solution

In Rutherford's model we have a large massive core called the nucleus whereas, in Thomson's model we do not have. Thus the probability of backward scattering by Thomson's model is much less than that predicted by Rutherford model

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Answer the following questions, which help you understand the difference between Thomson’s model and Rutherford’s model better.

(a) Is the average angle of deflection of α-particles by a thin gold foil predicted by Thomson’s model much less, about the same, or much greater than that predicted by Rutherford’s model?

(b) Is the probability of backward scattering (i.e., scattering of α-particles at angles greater than 90°) predicted by Thomson’s model much less, about the same, or much greater than that predicted by Rutherford’s model?

(c) Keeping other factors fixed, it is found experimentally that for small thickness t, the number of α-particles scattered at moderate angles is proportional to t. What clue does this linear dependence on t provide?

(d) In which model is it completely wrong to ignore multiple scattering for the calculation of average angle of scattering of α-particles by a thin foil?

Q. Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of the each statement: (a) The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is .......... the atomic size in Rutherford’s model. (much greater than/no different from/much less than.) (b) In the ground state of .......... electrons are in stable equilibrium, while in .......... electrons always experience a net force. (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model.) (c) A classical atom based on .......... is doomed to collapse.(Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model.) (d) An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a ..........but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in ..........(Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model.) (e) The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the mass in .......... (Rutherford’s model/both the models.)

Q. In what way is Rutherford's atomic model different from that of Thomson's atomic model?

Q. In the Gold foil experiment of Geiger and Marsden, that paved the way for Rutherford's model of an atom, ~ 1.00% of the