Vitiligo is a long-term disease characterized by the loss of skin color in patches.
Melanin is responsible for skin and hair color, and in this condition, the cells that synthesize melanin fail and die.
It is not a contagious disease and can appear at any age.
The exact cause is unknown, but it is hypothesized to be an autoimmune disease.
Autoimmune diseases are developed when one's immune system fails to differentiate between its cells and pathogenic invaders and then ends up attacking its own healthy cells.