It has been observed that gaseous hydrogen chloride is a very poor conductor of electricity but a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water is a good conductor of electricity. This is due to the fact that

Water is good conductor of electricity.

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Hydrogen chloride gas in water solution ionizes.

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A gas is non-conductor but a liquid conducts electricity.

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Gas does not obey Ohm's law whereas solution does.

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Solution

The correct option is B
Hydrogen chloride gas in water solution ionizes.

HCl gas ionizes in water solution and the ions so formed act as charge carriers.

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Q. It has been observed that gaseous hydrogen chloride is a very poor conductor of electricity but a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water is a good conductor of electricity. This is due to the fact that

Explain why :

(a) anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aqueous HCl is an excellent conductor.
(b) when the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(c) a solution of hydrogen chloride in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while a solution of the same gas in toluene :
(i) has no effect on litmus, and
(ii) does not conduct electricity.
(d) thick white fumes are formed when a glass rod dipped in $N H_{4} O H$ is brought near the mouth of a bottle full of HCl gas.
(e) dry hydrogen chloride gas does not affect a dry strip of blue litmus paper but it turns red in the presence of a drop of water.

(f) hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over water.

Q. Which of the following indicates that the bonding in hydrogen chloride is covalent?

(i) An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride form hydrogen with metals.
(ii) Hydrogen chloride is a gas.
(iii) Hydrogen chloride is not acidic in the absence of water.
(iv) Dry hydrogen chloride is a non-conductor of electricity.

Q. Explain the following:
A solution of cane sugar does not conduct electricity, but a solution of solution of sodium chloride is a good conductor,

Explain, why (or give reasons for)
(i) In the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride from sodium chloride, the gas can be obtained below 200°C or above. But the lower temperature is preferred.
(ii) Hydrogen chloride is not collected over water.
(iii) Hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated above 22.2% by boiling.
(iv) HCl gas does not conduct electricity, but hydrochloric acid conducts electricity.
(v) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(vi) When the stopper of a bottle full of HCl gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(vii) A solution of HCl gas in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while HCl gas dissolves in toluene and it has no effect on litmus and does not conduct electricity.
(viii) An aqueous solution of chlorine is acidic in nature.

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It has been observed that gaseous hydrogen chloride is a very poor conductor of electricity but a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water is a good conductor of electricity. This is due to the fact that

The correct option is B Hydrogen chloride gas in water solution ionizes. HCl gas ionizes in water solution and the ions so formed act as charge carriers.

The correct option is B
Hydrogen chloride gas in water solution ionizes.

HCl gas ionizes in water solution and the ions so formed act as charge carriers.