it is said that in the valence shell of lithium one proton is pulling one electron and in berilium two protons are pulling two electrons. but the atomic radius of lithium is bigger than berilium.if the amount of attraction according to their valency will be equal. then why?
it is said that in the valence shell of lithium one proton is pulling one electron and in berilium two protons are pulling two electrons. but the atomic radius of lithium is bigger than berilium.if the amount of attraction according to their valency will be equal. then why?
First of alllithium has 3proton and beryillium has 4
Now Lithium, Li, and beryllium, Be, are both located in period 2 of the periodic table, in group 1 and group 2, respectively.
For both these elements, the outermost electrons are located on the second energy level in the 2s-subshell. However, these outermost electrons. which ultimately determine the atomic radius, are closer to the nucleus in beryllium's case.
That happens because beryllium has a higher effective nuclear charge, Zeff, than lithium.
The effective nuclear charge is simply a measure of the net positive charge that affects the outermost electrons in an atom.
In lithium's case, the outermost electron is beingscreened from the nucleus by two core electrons. The same is true for the two outermost electrons in beryllium, they are screened by two core electrons.
However, beryllium has 4 protons in its nucleus, as opposed to 3 protons which are present in the nucleus of a lithium atom.
This means that the nucleus of a beryllium atom willpull on the outermost electrons with more force, effectively compressing the distance between itself and these electrons.
That is why lithium has a larger atomic radius than beryllium. In fact, atomic radius decreases as you move from left to right across a period.
Now
Lithium, Li, and beryllium, Be, are both located in period 2 of the periodic table, in group 1 and group 2, respectively.
For both these elements, the outermost electrons are located on the second energy level in the 2s-subshell. However, these outermost electrons. which ultimately determine the atomic radius, are closer to the nucleus in beryllium's case.
That happens because beryllium has a higher effective nuclear charge, Zeff, than lithium.
The effective nuclear charge is simply a measure of the net positive charge that affects the outermost electrons in an atom.
In lithium's case, the outermost electron is beingscreened from the nucleus by two core electrons. The same is true for the two outermost electrons in beryllium, they are screened by two core electrons.
However, beryllium has 4 protons in its nucleus, as opposed to 3 protons which are present in the nucleus of a lithium atom.
This means that the nucleus of a beryllium atom willpull on the outermost electrons with more force, effectively compressing the distance between itself and these electrons.
That is why lithium has a larger atomic radius than beryllium. In fact, atomic radius decreases as you move from left to right across a period.
