Question

IUDs are used by females.........

• A. Act as spermicidal gel
  
• B. Block the entry of sperms into vagina
• C. Are implanted under skin where they release progestogen and estrogen
• D. Release copper ions in the uterus that increase phagocytosis of sperms

Answer 1

The correct option is D

Release copper ions in the uterus that increase phagocytosis of sperms

Spermicidal gel :
Spermicidal gel is used by females along with barrier methods such as cervical caps, diaphragms etc. which block the cervix so as to prevent the entry of sperm into the uterus.

Barrier methods :
Barrier contraceptive methods are made up of rubber or latex sheet to cover penis in males (for example, condom) and cervix in females (for example, diaphragm). This prevents the progress of sperms further into the female reproductive tract.

Implants :
Implants are devices made up of progesterone alone or progesterone- estrogen combination placed under the female's skin. They prevent ovulation and fertilisation similar to oral contraceptive pills but they are effective for a longer time period than an oral pill.

Copper releasing IUDs :
Copper releasing IUDs are devices placed in the uterus. It releases copper ions into the uterus to suppress the motility of sperms so that they cannot swim and reach the fallopian tube for fertilisation. Copper ions also reduce the fertilising capacity of sperms and increase phagocytosis of sperms.

Final answer :
(D) Release copper ions in the uterus that increase phagocytosis of sperms