Question

Jatin puts a pencil into a glass container having water and is surprised to see the pencil in a different state.
$\left(i\right)$ What change is observed in the appearance of the pencil?
$\left(ii\right)$ Name the phenomenon responsible for the change.
$\left(iii\right)$ Draw a ray diagram showing how the eye sees the pencil?

Answer 1

$\left(i\right)$ The pencil under the water appears to be shortened and raised up.

$\left(ii\right)$ Refraction of light.

Refraction is defined as the bending of light when it travels from one medium to another. Here, light travels from water to air after reflecting from the surface of the pencil.

$\left(iii\right)$ Ray diagram showing how the eye sees the pencil is shown.