Question 36
Label the endocrine glands in the figure
(a) Pineal gland - The pineal gland is located in the epithalamus.The pineal gland produces melatonin, a serotonin derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns in both circadian and seasonal cycles.
(b) Pituitary gland - The pituitary gland is a pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus. It is part of the endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances that control various body functions.
(c) Thyroid gland - The thyroid gland, or simply the thyroid, is an endocrine gland in the neck, consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus. The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones, which primarily influence the metabolic rate and protein synthesis.
(d) Thymus - The thymus gland is the main organ of the lymphatic system. It is located in the upper chest region, the primary function of this gland is to promote the development of specific cells of the immune system called T-lymphocytes. They also protect the body from itself by controlling cancerous cells.