Language study:i There have also been other teachers. They have helped me to try to become independent. Combine using 'who'ii It was only because of her that I was able to read Shakespeare. Rewrite beginning with: If it was not for her,

Q. We finally

(1)

_______________ (reach) a village where I

(2)

__________(meet) a lady whose age I

(3)

_____________ (can) not immediately make out. My translator

(4)

______________(find) it difficult to interpret the lady's words because her dialect was quite different. She

(5)

____________(is) a dark-skinned and dark-haired lady. She must have been around seventy years old but there was no grey in her hair. She obviously could not afford to dye her hair. So what was her secret? Nobody

(6)

____________(know). It must have been a 'secret' common to all for not one person in that whole village

(7)

____________(has) a trace of grey hair

!

I

(8)

_____________ (think) about it for long time.

Q. Rewrite the following sentence in the ways instructed:

Kalpana was extremely proud of her birth-place and made every effort to bring it into limelight.

Rewrite it using 'not only _________ but also'.

Q.

Koel was not able to understand that why water molecules are added with a dot at the end of most salts. Help her with this.

Q. Sneha after her course in designing started taking jobs for designing logo, wedding cards, pamphlets, advertisements etc. Her work became quite popular and she had continuous orders. She decided to have a separate office with some staff to help her. She was suggested by her father to have a business organization and run it properly.
(a) Her business was constantly growing and she was facing problems with handling all orders and finishing them on time. Her friend Pooja, who was also a designer, proposed to join her as a business partner. Sneha was confused whether to continue her business as a sole trader or convert it into a partnership firm. As a true friend of Sneha, you are required to suggest the advantages and disadvantages of a partnership business. (two each)
(b) Sneha and Pooja decide to form a partnership firm and do the business together. Suggest them on the following issues with proper reasons.
(i) What kind of liability will they have and how will it affect them?
(ii) How is 'Particular Partnership' different from 'Partnership at Will' ?
(iii) Is it necessary for them to have an agreement and register their firm?

Q. I. Literary training was a difficult matter. I had neither the resources nor the literary equipment necessary, and I had not the time I would have wished to devote to the subject. We gave three periods at the most to literary training. Hindi, Tamil, Gujarati and Urdu were all taught, and tuition was given through the vernaculars of the boys. English was taught as well.

II. I had undertaken to teach Tamil and Urdu. The little Tamil I knew was acquired during voyages and in jail. I had not got beyond Pope's excellent Tamil handbook. My knowledge of the Urdu script was all that I had acquired on a single voyage, and my knowledge of the language was confined to the familiar Persian and Arabic words. Even my Gujarati was no better than that which one acquires at the school.

III. Such was the capital with which I had to carry on. In poverty of literary equipment my colleagues went one better than I. But my love for the languages of my country, my confidence in my capacity as a teacher, as also the ignorance of my pupils, and more than that, their generosity, stood me in good stead.

IV. Of text-books, about which we hear so much, I never felt the want. I do not even remember having made much use of the books that were available. I did not find it at all necessary to load the boys with quantities of books. I have always felt that the true text-book for the pupil is his teacher. I remember very little that my teachers taught me from books, but I have even now a clear recollection of the things they taught me independently of books.

V. Children take in much more and with less labour through their ears than through their eyes. I do not remember having read any book from cover to cover with my boys. But I gave them, in my own language, all that I had digested from my reading of various books, and I dare say they are still carrying a recollection of it in their minds. It was laborious for them to remember what they learnt from books, but what I imparted to them by word of mouth, they could repeat with the greatest ease. Reading was a task for them, but listening to me was a pleasure, when I did not bore them by failure to make my subject interesting. And from the questions that my talks prompted them to put, I had a measure of their power of understanding.

Adapted from The Story of My Experiments with Truth by M K Gandhi

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer below given question by choosing the correct option.

How did the author describe his language skills before starting the literary training?

[0.8 marks]

Language study:
(i) There have also been other teachers. They have helped me to try to become independent. (Combine using 'who')
(ii) It was only because of her that I was able to read Shakespeare. (Rewrite beginning with: If it was not for her, ________)

There have also been other teachers who helped me to try to become independent.
If it was not for her, I would not have been able to read Shakespeare.

Language study:(i) There have also been other teachers. They have helped me to try to become independent. (Combine using 'who')(ii) It was only because of her that I was able to read Shakespeare. (Rewrite beginning with: If it was not for her, ________)

There have also been other teachers who helped me to try to become independent.If it was not for her, I would not have been able to read Shakespeare.

Language study:
(i) There have also been other teachers. They have helped me to try to become independent. (Combine using 'who')
(ii) It was only because of her that I was able to read Shakespeare. (Rewrite beginning with: If it was not for her, ________)

There have also been other teachers who helped me to try to become independent.
If it was not for her, I would not have been able to read Shakespeare.