Question

Latest discovery of study of atoms

Answer 1

in this new study, published in Physical Review Letters, the researchers created a Bose-Einstein condensate out of strontium atoms, cooling a dilute gas of bosons, a type of subatomic particle, to as close to absolute zero as possible. Then, with a laser, they transferred energy to one of these atoms, transforming it into a Rydberg atom with a large atomic radius. This radius was larger than the normal distance between two atoms in the condensate.

As it turns out, neutral atoms hardly have an impact on the wider path of this Rydberg atom's electrons because of their lack of charge. But the electron still picks up on the scattered neutral atoms along its path, which prevents it from changing into a different state of matter.

Computer simulations show this interaction is weak, decreasing the energy of the system and creating a bond between the Rydberg atoms and other atoms within the electronic orbit.
This new, exotic state of matter, dubbed Rydberg polarons, can only happen at low temperatures. The particles move faster and the bond breaks as things heat up.

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