Lets consider a thermodynamic system. If $Δ U$ represents the increase in its internal energy and $W$ the work done by the system, which of the following statements is true?

Δ U = - W

is an adiabatic process

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Δ U = W

in an isothermal process

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Δ U = - W

in an isothermal process

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Δ U = W

in an adiabatic process

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Solution

The correct option is A $Δ U = - W$ is an adiabatic process
An isothermal process is a constant temperature process. In this process, $T =$ constant or $Δ T = 0$
$∴$ $Δ U = n C_{V} Δ T = 0$
An adiabatic process is defined as one with no heat transfer into or out of a system. Therefore, $Q = 0$ . From the first law of thermodynamics.
$W = - Δ U$
or $Δ U = - W$

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Lets consider a thermodynamic system. If ΔU represents the increase in its internal energy and W the work done by the system, which of the following statements is true?

Lets consider a thermodynamic system. If $Δ U$ represents the increase in its internal energy and $W$ the work done by the system, which of the following statements is true?