Question

Lichens are called pioneer colonisers of bare rock. How can they help information of soil?

Answer 1

Crustose Lichens are a group of lichens that inhabit bare rocks, stone etc. These release chemical substances that breaks small pieces from the rock and releases minerals that are absorbed by the them. This initiates the process of converting rock into fertile soil, where other plant communities can grow.

So, they are called the pioneer colonisers of bare rock.