Question

List out the different types of metabolism with an example.

[Review question: Pg. No: 216]

Answer 1

a. Anabolism:
Anabolism or constructive metabolism, is all about building and storing. It supports the growth of new cells, the maintenance of body tissues, and the storage of energy for use in the future. During anabolism, small molecules are changed into larger, more complex molecules of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Examples:
Glucose → Glycogen and other sugars
Amino acids → Enzymes, hormones, proteins
Fatty acids → Cholesterol and other steroids.
b. Catabolism:
Catabolism or destructive metabolism, is the process that produces the energy required for all activity in the cells. In this process, cells break down large molecules (mostly carbohydrates and fats) to release energy. This energy release provides fuel for anabolism, heats the body, and enables the muscles to contract and the body to move. As complex chemical units are broken down into more simple substances, the waste products released in the process of catabolism are removed from the body through the skin, kidneys, lungs, and intestines.
Examples:
Carbohydrates → Glucose
Glucose → CO2, Water and Heat
Protein → Amino acid