Dear student,
The three different ways in which natural selection can operate are as following:
1: Directional selection: Directional selection favours one of the extreme traits since it has higher fitness value as compared to other phenotypes.
2: Stabilising selection: It favours the intermediate phenotype which has higher fitness value as compared to either of the extreme phenotypes.
3: Disruptive selection: Disruptive selection favours both extreme traits while eliminating the intermediate phenotype from the population due to its lower adaptive features.
Regards