Question

List various modes of spread of communicable diseases and their preventives measures.

Answer 1

Communicable disease:

1. These diseases spread from one person to another through the air, water, food, insects, and physical contact.
2. This disease is caused by microorganisms or pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, e.g., Tuberculosis, AIDS, malaria, etc.

Modes of the spread of communicable disease:

1. Some microorganisms are transmitted by contaminated items such as food, water, medications, medical devices, and equipment.
2. Airborne transmission of infectious agents occurs by airborne droplet nuclei, Dust particles containing infectious agents. Because of this, there is a risk that all the air in a room may be contaminated.
3. Direct contact involves direct body surface to body surface contact and the physical transfer of microorganisms.
4. Indirect contact involves contact between a person and a contaminated object. The microorganism remains on this surface to be picked up by the next person who touches it.

Precautions to prevent infectious diseases-

1. Wash your hand on a regular basis.
2. Stay at home if you are sick.
3. Cover your mouth and nose when you cough and sneeze to avoid infecting others
4. Practice food safety
5. Practice safe sex
6. Get immunized against infectious diseases such as chickenpox, etc.
7. Sanitise the surface regularly
8. Ventilate your home and working place.