The reasons why male literacy is higher are
1. Discrimination against females. Many parents do not send their girl children to school.
2. There are more males in paid employment where minimum levels of literacy are required. In contrast, many women do not have paid employment and, hence, do not feel the need for literacy.
3. Lack of infrastructure like toilet facilities prevent girls from going to school.
Remedial measures are
1. There should be equal treatment of boys and girls.
2. Increase female employment by creating more job opportunities for them.
3. Improve school infrastructure so that girls feel safe and secure in going to schools.