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Long term effects of smoking does not cause
Long term effects of smoking does not cause
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Solution
The correct option is A liver cirrhosis
Smoking tobacco leaves for pleasure has been a human habit for hundreds of years in spite of the fact that smoking takes a heavy toll on our health. The smoke produced from burning tobacco contains around 4000 different chemical compounds including tar (solid particles suspended in tobacco smoke), nicotine, carbon monoxide, 70 different types of carcinogens (compounds which can cause cancer), etc.
The long-term effects of smoking include lung cancer, coronary heart disease and emphysema.
Carcinogens in the tobacco smoke can induce mutations in the cells of the lungs, causing them to lose control over the cell cycle. This results in their uncontrolled division and tumour formations. Once the tumour cells gain the ability to invade into other tissues, they become cancerous.
Coronary heart disease is characterised by narrowing of the coronary arteries that carry blood to the heart. This results in reduced blood supply to the heart which can cause fatigue of the cardiac muscles, leading to chest pain. Coronary heart disease can lead to heart attack (when a part of the heart stops functioning), heart failure (when the heart is unable to pump enough blood) or stroke (when blood supply to the brain is stopped). Smoking can cause thickening and narrowing of blood vessels, increase in the levels of fats in the blood vessels and destruction of the cells lining the blood vessels etc. All of this leads to obstruction of blood flow to the heart.
Emphysema is a condition characterised by damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. As we breathe in air, the alveoli stretch and allow the diffusion of oxygen across their thin walls into the blood capillaries surrounding them. When we exhale, the alveoli shrink, forcing carbon dioxide picked up from the blood out of the body. The alveoli and lung tissue are destroyed in emphysema.
Liver cirrhosis is not caused by smoking. It is a long-term adverse effect of alcohol consumption. It is a state when the liver tissue has been damaged and replaced by a scar tissue (made up of dead cells) which causes complete loss of function of the liver. The scar tissue blocks blood flow through the liver. This impairs the liver’s ability to process nutrients, hormones, drugs and natural toxins (poisons) and reduces the production of substances such as glycogen, bile pigments, etc. Gradually the liver becomes dysfunctional.
Smoking tobacco leaves for pleasure has been a human habit for hundreds of years in spite of the fact that smoking takes a heavy toll on our health. The smoke produced from burning tobacco contains around 4000 different chemical compounds including tar (solid particles suspended in tobacco smoke), nicotine, carbon monoxide, 70 different types of carcinogens (compounds which can cause cancer), etc.
The long-term effects of smoking include lung cancer, coronary heart disease and emphysema.
Carcinogens in the tobacco smoke can induce mutations in the cells of the lungs, causing them to lose control over the cell cycle. This results in their uncontrolled division and tumour formations. Once the tumour cells gain the ability to invade into other tissues, they become cancerous.
Coronary heart disease is characterised by narrowing of the coronary arteries that carry blood to the heart. This results in reduced blood supply to the heart which can cause fatigue of the cardiac muscles, leading to chest pain. Coronary heart disease can lead to heart attack (when a part of the heart stops functioning), heart failure (when the heart is unable to pump enough blood) or stroke (when blood supply to the brain is stopped). Smoking can cause thickening and narrowing of blood vessels, increase in the levels of fats in the blood vessels and destruction of the cells lining the blood vessels etc. All of this leads to obstruction of blood flow to the heart.
Emphysema is a condition characterised by damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. As we breathe in air, the alveoli stretch and allow the diffusion of oxygen across their thin walls into the blood capillaries surrounding them. When we exhale, the alveoli shrink, forcing carbon dioxide picked up from the blood out of the body. The alveoli and lung tissue are destroyed in emphysema.
Liver cirrhosis is not caused by smoking. It is a long-term adverse effect of alcohol consumption. It is a state when the liver tissue has been damaged and replaced by a scar tissue (made up of dead cells) which causes complete loss of function of the liver. The scar tissue blocks blood flow through the liver. This impairs the liver’s ability to process nutrients, hormones, drugs and natural toxins (poisons) and reduces the production of substances such as glycogen, bile pigments, etc. Gradually the liver becomes dysfunctional.
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