Question

Mark out the correct options.
(a) Diamagnetism occurs in all materials.
(b) Diamagnetism results from the partial alignment of permanent magnetic moment.
(c) The magnetising field intensity, H, is always zero in free space.
(d) The magnetic field of induced magnetic moment is opposite the applied field.

Answer 1

(a) Diamagnetism occurs in all materials.
(d) The magnetic field of induced magnetic moment is opposite the applied field.

When a material is placed in magnetic field, dipole moment are induced in the atoms by the applied magnetic field. Since the direction of magnetic field due to induced dipole moment is opposite to the applied magnetic field. Therefore, resultant magnetic field is smaller than the applied magnetic field. This process is called diamagnetism. As this process takes place for all the material, therefore all the material exhibit diamagnetism. Hence, option (a) and (d) are correct.

Diamagnetic material do not have permanent magnetic moment on their own. When they are placed in magnetic field, dipole moments are induced by the applied magnetic field. Thus, there is no net alignment of permanent magnetic moment so these mterials do not have any permanenet magnetic momentof their own. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
Magnetic field intensity is not zero in free space. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.