Question

Mark the correct set.

Column I	Column II
1. Sewall Wright	A. Mutation
2. Hugo de Vries	B. Natural selection
3. Darwin	C. Industrial melanism
4. Kettlewell	D. Genetic drift
5. Hardy-Weinberg	E. Genetic equilibrium

• A. A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 1, E- 5
• B. A- 1, B- 3, C- 5, D- 2, E- 4
• C. A- 3, B- 2, C- 1, D- 4, E- 5
• D. A- 1, B- 2, C- 3, D- 4, E- 5

Answer 1

The correct option is A A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 1, E- 5

Hugo de Vries, a Dutch botanist, one of the independent rediscoveries of Mendelism, put forward his views regarding the formation of new species which are due to mutations.

In 1859, Charles Darwin set out his theory of evolution by natural selection as an explanation for adaptation and speciation. He defined natural selection as the "principle by which each slight variation if useful, is preserved".

Industrial melanism is an effect of urban pollution prominent in many species of arthropods. It is the phenomenon of an organism evolving dark pigmentation when exposed to an environment polluted by dark soot deposit and sulfuric buildup from industrial pollution. The first important experiments on the peppered moth were carried out by Bernard Kettlewell at Oxford University.

Genetic drift or allelic drift is the change in the frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling. Sewall wright was the chief developer of the mathematical theory of genetic drift.

Genetic equilibrium describes the condition of an allele or genotype in a gene pool (such as a population) where the frequency does not change from generation to generation. It is also called as Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.