Question

Mary is about to face an interview. But during the first five minutes before the interview she experiences sweating, increased rate of heart beat, respiration etc. Which of the following hormones are responsible for her restlessness?

• A. d. Insulin and glucagon
• B. c. Adrenaline and noradrenaline
• C. b. Oxytocin and vasopressin
• D. Estrogen and progesterone

Answer 1

The correct option is B c. Adrenaline and noradrenaline

Estrogen and progesterone:

Ovaries are located in the pelvic region and secretes hormones such as estrogens, progesterone, and relaxin.
● Estrogen: Involved in the formation and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics. Development of endometrium and mammary glands
● Progesterone (pregnancy hormone): Maintenance and development of the endometrium and mammary glands.
● Relaxin: Released by corpus luteum which softens the ligaments of pubic symphysis.

Oxytocin and vasopressin:

Hormones produced by the posterior pituitary are oxytocin and vasopressin. Oxytocin helps in the ejection of milk during lactation and vasopressin helps in the reabsorption of water in the nephron.

Adrenaline and noradrenaline :

Adrenal medulla (inner region of the adrenal gland) secretes hormones epinephrine or adrenaline and norepinephrine or noradrenaline. Both these hormones are responsible for increasing heart beat, respiration and sweating. These also stimulate the breakdown of carbohydrates. It is also called the emergency hormone.

Insulin and glucagon :

Glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, thereby increasing blood glucose levels. Insulin stimulates glycogenesis and cellular glucose uptake thereby decreasing blood glucose levels.

Final answer:

c. Adrenaline and noradrenaline

Summary:

Adrenaline and noradrenaline:
Adrenal medulla (inner region of the adrenal gland) secretes hormones epinephrine or adrenaline and norepinephrine or noradrenaline. Both these hormones are responsible for increasing heart beat, respiration and sweating. These also stimulate the breakdown of carbohydrates. It is also called the emergency hormone. As adrenaline and noradrenaline are released at the time of emergency, they are responsible for Mary’s restlessness.

Final answer:


c. Adrenaline and noradrenaline