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Beta Decay

Mass defect Δ...

Question

Mass defect ( $Δ m$ ) is given by?

A

$Δ m$ = (Mass of neutrons - Mass of protons) - (Experimental mass of nucleus)

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B

$Δ m$ = Mass of neutrons - Mass of protons

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C

$Δ m$ = (Mass of protons + Mass of neutrons) - (Experimental mass of nucleus)

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D

$Δ m$ = Mass of protons - Mass of neutrons

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Solution

The correct option is C
$Δ m$ = (Mass of protons + Mass of neutrons) - (Experimental mass of nucleus)

Mass defect is the difference between the the experimentally measured and calculated masses of the nucleus. The mass of the nucleus can be calculated by adding the masses of protons and neutrons present in it. It is also called mass deficit.

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Q. Nuclear binding energy is the energy released during the hypothetical formation of the nucleus by the condensation of individual nucleons. Thus, binding energy per nucleon =

\frac{Total binding energy}{Number of nucleons}

For example, the mass of hydrogen atom is equal to the sum of the masses of a proton and an electron. For other atoms, the atomic mass is less than the sum of the masses of protons, neutrons and electrons present. This difference in mass, termed as mass defect, is a measure of the binding energy of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The mass-energy relationship postulated by Einstein is expressed as:

Δ E = Δ m c^{2}

Δ E

is the energy liberated,

Δ m

is the loss of mass, and c is the speed of light.

M P

M n

are masses of a proton and a neutron respectively. For a nucleus, its binding energy is

B

and it contains

Z

N

neutrons, the correct relation for this nucleus if

C

is velocity of light is:

Q. Li nucleus has three protons and four neutrons. Mass of lithium nucleus is 7.03.6005 amu. Mass of proton is 1.007277 amu and mass of neutron is 1.008665 amu. Mass defect for lithium nucleus in amu is

m_{p}

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M

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The mass of an atom is the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons.

Q. Assertion :Actual atomic mass is greater than mass number. Reason: Mass of protons and neutrons is measured in daltons or atomic mass unit (u) but the mass of each neutron and proton is slightly greater than 1 dalton.

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