Question

Match column I with column II and identify the correct option.

Column I	Column II
1. Natural terrestrial ecosystem	A. Ocean
2. Freshwater ecosystem	B. Crop field
3. Anthropogenic ecosystem	C. Desert
4. Marine ecosystem	D. Pond

• A. 1 - C, 2 - D, 3 - B, 4 - A
• B. 1 - D, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - C
• C. 1 - C, 2 - B, 3 - D, 4 - A
• D. 1 - B, 2 - D, 3 - A, 4 - C

Answer 1

The correct option is A 1 - C, 2 - D, 3 - B, 4 - A

An ecosystem is referred to as a functional unit of nature, where living organisms interact among themselves and also with the surrounding physical environment.

Ecosystems can be classified into natural and man-made ecosystems.

Natural ecosystem: The ecosystem which develops in nature without human support or interference is called a natural ecosystem.

Natural ecosystems can be broadly classified into:

• Terrestrial or land ecosystem: A terrestrial ecosystem is a land-based community of organisms and their interactions with the different biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components in that area. Examples are grasslands, deserts, forests etc.
• Aquatic ecosystem: An aquatic ecosystem is a community of organisms in a water body and their interactions with the different biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components in that area. Aquatic ecosystems can be further classified into freshwater and marine ecosystems
  • The freshwater ecosystems include ponds, rivers and lakes.
  • The marine ecosystems include oceans and seas.

Artificial/man-made ecosystem:
The ecosystems created and maintained by human beings are called artificial or man-made ecosystems. Examples include crop fields, aquariums etc.