Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer from the given codes.
Column I Column II
A. Biopiracy (i) Effort to fix the non-functional gene
B. Biopatent (ii) Gene silencing
C. Gene therapy (ii) Illegal removal of biological materials
D. RNAi (iv) Right granted for biological entities

• A. A - (iv), B - (ii), C - (i), D -(iii)
• B. A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(iii)
• C. A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(ii)
• D. A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (ii), D -(i)

Answer 1

The correct option is C A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(ii)

A. Biopiracy	The act of Piracy is unauthorized publication or reproduction of another person’s work or material. When someone indulges in piracy, the accused is using someone’s else’s work illegally or without taking any permission. Biopiracy is the appropriation of another’s knowledge of use of biological resources. Of late, the major issue involving biopiracy is the exploitation of patent biological resources or knowledge of farmers and traditional communities and indigenous tribes by many organizations and multinational companies. The innovations and discovery of the pharmaceutical and agricultural researches are not new as to qualify as invention as they are based on centuries of knowledge of the traditional societies. So the correct option is 'illegal removal of biological materials'.
B. Biopatent	A biological patent is a patent on an invention in the field of biology that by law allows the patent holder to exclude others from making, using, selling, or importing the protected invention for a limited period of time. The scope and reach of biological patents vary among jurisdictions, and may include biological technology and products, genetically modified organisms and genetic material. The applicability of patents to substances and processes wholly or partially natural in origin is a subject of debate. So the correct option is 'right granted for biological entities'.
C. Gene therapy	Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. The first attempt at modifying human DNA was performed in 1980 by Martin Cline, but the first successful nuclear gene transfer in humans, approved by the National Institutes of Health, was performed in May 1989. The first therapeutic use of gene transfer as well as the first direct insertion of human DNA into the nuclear genome was performed by French Anderson in a trial starting in September 1990. So the correct option is 'effort to fix the non-functional gene'.
D. RNAi	RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation, by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules. Historically, RNAi was known by other names, including co-suppression, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), and quelling. Since the discovery of RNAi and its regulatory potentials, it has become evident that RNAi has immense potential in suppression of desired genes. RNAi is now known as precise, efficient, stable and better than antisense technology for gene suppression. However, antisense RNA produced intracellularly by an expression vector may be developed and find utility as novel therapeutic agents. So the correct option is 'gene silencing'